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1.
Rev. medica electron ; 41(1): 203-210, ene.-feb. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-991338

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El cáncer cérvico uterino, causa alrededor de 250 000 muertes anuales en el mundo y alrededor de 400 en Cuba, a pesar del esfuerzo que realiza el MINSAP, a través del Programa de Pesquisaje. Con el mismo se puede obtener el diagnóstico de lesiones precursoras del cáncer de cuello uterino, este diagnóstico citológico se realiza en Cuba a través del método de Richard y Barron que demuestra que existe un progreso citológico aparente hasta llegar al cáncer, que comienza con neoplasia intraepitelial (NICI a NICIII y carcinoma in situ), hasta finalmente el cáncer invasor. Por otro lado existe el método de Bethesda que responde casi todas las interrogantes que la citología plantea para su enfrentamiento, evidentemente los mayores aportes y revisiones se enfocan al manejo de las citologías atípicas de significado incierto, ya que no sólo presentan un mayor número de posibles evaluaciones, sino que representan el mayor porcentaje de citologías alteradas y la inclusión del VPH en las lesiones de bajo grado. En Cuba todavía se clasifica por el método de Richard y no se utiliza el Bethesda. Por la alta incidencia de esta entidad el propósito de este trabajo es emitir consideraciones sobre la implementación del sistema de Bethesda en el diagnóstico citológico de lesiones precancerosas del cérvix.


ABSTRACT The cervical-uterine cancer causes almost 250 000 death a year around the world and around 400 in Cuba in spite of the efforts made by the Public Health Ministry through the Screening Program. With it, the diagnosis of lesions that are predecessors of the cervical cancer could be reached. This cytological diagnosis is carried out through the Richard and Barron method, showing that there is an apparent cytological progress leading to the cancer that begins with intraepithelial neoplasia (NICI and NICIII and carcinoma in-situ) and ends in the invasive cancer. From the other hand there is the Bethesda methods answering to all the questions cytology ask for confronting it. Obviously the biggest contributions and reviews are focused in the management of the atypical cytologies with uncertain significance since they not only have a higher number of possible evaluations, but also represent the highest percent of the altered cytologies and the inclusion of the HPV in low grade lesions. The classification in Cuba is still made by the Richard method and the Bethesda one is not used. Due to the high incidence of this entity, the aim of this article is exposing considerations on the implementation of the Bethesda system in the cytological diagnosis of cervix pre-cancerous lesions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Cytological Techniques/standards , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/pathology , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , National Health Programs , Preventive Health Services , Disease Prevention
2.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(6): 2203-2212, nov.-dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-978728

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Cuba, no exenta del fenómeno mundial del envejecimiento, a pesar de los ancianos y ancianas en Cuba tiene garantizado una vida estable y con garantías de los servicios de salud gratuitos, aún persisten situaciones que afectan la vida de los ancianos, en especial en la esfera psicológica y emotiva, unos de estos aspectos esta relacionados con la sexualidad en los ancianos y específicamente en las mujeres, que a pesar de los esfuerzos que se realizan para que sus derechos sean iguales a los de los hombres, siempre existen tabúes, que entorpecen que sean cumplidos, de ahí que se haga importante considera los aspectos más importantes relacionados con la sexualidad femenina en la tercera edad. Por lo que el propósito de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre algunas consideraciones relacionadas con la sexualidad en mujeres ancianas (AU).


ABSTRACT Cuba does not scape the world phenomenon of ageing. In spite of that elder men and women in Cuba have the guarantee of a stable life and free health services, there are still situations affecting their life, especially in the psychological and emotive sphere. Some of these aspects are related with the sexuality in elder people, especially in elder women. Although many efforts are made for the women´s rights to be the same as for men, there have been always taboos hindering their fulfillment. That is why, it is very important to consider the most important aspects related with female sexuality in elder women. The purpose of this term is to reflect on some considerations related with sexuality in elder women (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Preventive Health Services , Quality of Life , Health Programs and Plans , Health of the Elderly , Sexuality , Reproductive Health , Health Promotion , Health Services for the Aged , Sexual Behavior , Sexual Abstinence , Taboo , Menopause , Widowhood , Community Health Services , Asexuality
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